9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep， but in places it is much deeper.
on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。
a little 在句子中修饰more，表示程度，意思是“一点儿，稍许”。much在句子中修饰
deeper，也表示程度，加强形容词比较级，意思是“…多”。
10. This “deep” measures 30，246 feet――almost 6 miles (9.6km)。
本句中的deep做名词用，意思是“深处”，“海渊”(水深超过3000英里)。
measure 在句子中做动词用，意思是“测量”，“有…深”。
11. One of the longest mountain ranges of the world rises from the floor of the Atlantic.
本句中的 longest与课文前几段中出现的narrowest，saltiest，deepest一样，都是形容词的最高级形式。因为这几个词是单音节词或是以元音结尾的双音节词，所以，最高级的构成是在词尾加-est.对于大部分两个音节以上的形容词，最高级的构成是在形容词前面加most.
rise 是一个不及物动词，在句子中的意思是“升起;隆起”。
1) rise 不及物动词 (起立;上升，高耸;浮现)
The old lady rose to her feet when she heard the doorbell.
The tower rises to a height of 70 feet.
An idea rises in my mind.
2) raise 及物动词 (举起;养育;提高;召集)
If you have any questions， please raise your hands.
When Father was in the army， Mother had a hard time raising three children.
The management promised to raise the workers' salary after the negotiation.
He failed to raise the money for his father's heart operation.
3) arise 不及物动词 (升起;出现;由…引起)
Heavy smoke arose beyond the mountain.
New problems arise when old ones are solved.
4) arouse 及物动词 (唤醒;激起，引起)
The noise outside aroused him from sleep.
floor在句子中的意思是“海底”。在其他语言环境中，floor当然有其他的意思。如;
1) He lives on the seventh floor.(他住在7楼。)
2) The wood floor gives a feeling of warmth in the winter. (冬天时，木地板给我温暖的感觉。)
3) He was given the floor at the meeting.(他在会上得到了发言权。)
12. Several hundred miles eastward from Florida there is a part of the ocean called the Sargasso Sea.
called the Sargasso Sea 是修饰ocean的定语从句，在其前省去了which is.
13. In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed here. Sometimes they were.
crew是一个集合名词，指“全体船员”，后面的谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数，此句中谓语动词用的是复数were，因为从句子中可以推断出是许多vessels(船)上的船员。Sometimes they were.句子中省略becalmed.
14. The Atlantic furnishes much food for the people on its shores.
furnish sth For sb. 意思是“为…提供”，我们同样可以用furnish sb. with sth.来表达这个意思。
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