2012年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
试卷
(课程代码00015)
本试卷共9页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。考生必须在答题纸上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points,l point each)
从下列各句后的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1. The findings of the survey went contrary____________ what was expected.
A. in B.on
C. for D.to
2. Skillful farming ____________ them to support a large population.
A. enabled B. forced
C. authorized D. required
3. Young____________ he was, he was equal to the task.
A. as B. if
C. although D. unless
4. James refused to be________________ about his future plans.
A. distinct B. specific
C. relevant D. individual
5. You should read this novel. It is ______________recommended by all critics.
A. fairly B. highly
C. mainly D. strictly
6. It's a great place to live in, except for the increasing volume of___________
that passes under my window every day.
A. activity B. traffic
C. movement D. circulation
7. We take this opportunity to express our sincere_____________ of your help.
A. explanation B. obligation
C. demonstration D. appreciation
8. He should______________ to what he's good at, and not try and do something he
knows nothing about.
A. look B. lead
C. stick D. point
9. The old man spoke______________ length about his experiences in Africa.
A. at B. in
C. from D. to
10. I don't know if the story is true, but I'll try to ____________ it.
A. modify B. simplify
C. verify D. specify
Ⅱ. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出能填入文中相应数字空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Scientists are leaning more and more about the link between your mind and your health. Stress and depression have been shown to give rise to illness and disease. 11 , if you feel good about yourself and have a 12 attitude, and maintain an active involvement in life, you're more likely to be happy - and
13 .Many things 14 your emotional state. But at the heart of it is how you regard yourself. If you have a healthy level of self-esteem, you not only cope with life's challenges better than people 15 low self-esteem, but you're probably more content, 16 , and successful. You're probably also healthier.
Most people's sense of worth is deeply rooted in their childhood - in the early approval or disapproval of parents and friends. 17 , as we get older, most of us judge ourselves 18 0ur sense of how effectively we're managing in the world, especially in the areas of love and work. Our 19 to love and be loved can give our lives a sense of purpose. We can also find 20 in work-related accomplishments, and the people we meet and work with can reinforce our sense of self and our role in life.
11. A. In general B. In addition C. In contrast D. In reality
12. A. personal B. positive C. common D. critical
13. A. healthy B. respectable C. energetic D. lovely
14. A. simulate B. explain C. maintain D. influence
15. A. upon B. at C. with D. for
16. A. emotional B. confident C. dependent D. sensitive
17. A. However B. Therefore C. Likewise D. Instead
18. A. in B. on C. by D. of
19. A. intention B. ability C. dream D. goal
20. A. truth B. proof C. interest D. pride
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (30 points,2 points each)
阅读下列短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Passage One
Questions 21 t0 25 are based on the following passage.
If you start each day desperately wishing for an extra hour in bed, the following is likely to leave you feeling even more bad-tempered. Scientists have identified a 'sleepless elite' - a small group of people for whom staying in bed longer is a waste of time.
Rather than being tired and bad-tempered losers, they are an energetic, outgoing and optimistic group who can happily and healthily get by on just four or five hours of sleep a night. And, they tend to be slim, able to hold down two jobs at the same time, and handle their extra-long days easily without needing coffee or catnaps(小睡).
Working out how the gene(基因) cuts sleep without any obvious impact on health could help in the design of drugs that give us all a few extra hours in our day. The bad news is that while many of us get by on a few hours' sleep a night, just one to three people in 100 qualify to be part of the sleepless elite.
The research team is now calling for members of the lucky group to come forward to allow their DNA to be studied. Harvard University researcher Dr.
Christopher Jones said:“My long-term goal is to someday learn enough so we can control the sleep mechanism without damaging our health. Everybody can use more waking hours, even if you just watch movies.'
Many of those who have already volunteered share fascinating characteristics.
They are cheerful, thinner than average, and seem to have a high tolerance for physical pain and psychological setbacks.
Dr. Christopher Jones told the New York Times: 'Typically, at the end of a long phone interview, they will admit they have been sending short text messages and surfing the Internet and doing word games at the same time, all on less than six hours of sleep.'
21. According to the passage, the sleepless elite_____________.
A. perform less well than others
B. regard sleep as a waste of time
C. are energetic despite less sleep
D. are likely to make others angry
22. Researchers study the sleepless elite to______________.
A. develop the mechanism of sleep
B. invent a healthy way to cut sleep
C. find the impact of sleep on health
D. design drugs for sleepless people
23. The phrase 'come forward' (para. 4) is closest in meaning to______________.
A. volunteer B. donate
C. contribute D. decide
24. According to Dr. Jones, it is typical of the sleepless elite to____________.
A. sleep at least six hours a night
B. watch more movies than others
C. do more than one thing at a time
D. do word games better than others
25. The passage is mainly about_________________.
A. a disease which is related to genes
B. a new drug that cures sleeplessness
C. recent studies on sleepless patients
D. people who do well with less sleep
Passage Two
Questions 26 t0 30 are based on the following passage.
There are a couple of things to know about the use of humor in a speech. One thing is to distinguish healthy and unhealthy humor. Unhealthy humor usually has a victim. It is based on differences. Healthy humor is taken from our everyday experiences and is based on the things people have in common. Therefore it unites them.
Another thing is that when sharing humor with the audience a speaker has to take into account what part of the day it is. The 'morning' audience can be tough,because everyone is just getting into work; the 'lunch' audience is better, but the best time for sharing humor is dinner-time, because people relax after their working day and are more likely to feel the speaker.
There are certain rules that are strongly advised to be followed. The primary rule is not to offend anybody by a joke. The jokes are not supposed to relate to the audience but to the speaker himself When a speaker shares his personal stories he will be better accepted by the audience. He can kid about his fame, problems, image, etc. However, he does not have to belittle himself or sacrifice his reputation for a laugh. Besides, the jokes and humorous stories that are used by the speaker have to relate directly to the topic of his speech. The speaker is supposed to speak clearly and keep from laughing at his own story or joke while
telling it, so that he can make it clear and to the point. Finally, once ajoke is said it may not be repeated once more. So the speaker must not repeat a joke that fails or one that works.
And, remember these tips always work: personal jokes , short remarks that go well with the speech, good choice of vivid words and appropriate body gestures.
26. Healthy humor differs from unhealthy humor in that it is_____________.
A. intended to enrich one's experiences
B. linked to the things that people share
C. used most frequently to unite victims
D. based mostly on the differences in life
27. The writer thinks that a joke works best with an audience who is__________.
A. busy B. tough
C. hungry D. relaxed
28. To connect closely with the audience, the speaker is advised to___________.
A. repeat a good joke B. laugh at his stories
C. joke about himself D. improve his image
29. According to paragraph 3, a joke should support___________.
A. the nature of an issue B. the fame of a speaker
C. the subject of a speech D. the taste of an audience
30. One of the tips the writer gives for a successful speech is____________.
A. vivid expressions B. dramatic gestures
C. good time control D. proper eye contact
Passage Three
Questions 31 t0 35 are based on the following passage.
Are passwords out-of-date? It is starting to seem like it. Everybody hates them. These days a typical Internet user has dozens of online accounts. If you really want to be safe, you need to generate a different password for each one, and each password needs to be extremely complicated, with a mix of letters, symbols, and numbers. Who can keep all that stuff in their head?
Most people do not bother. Some just create one password and use it everywhere. Others might have a few passwords - one for all their banking and financial stuff, one for their social networks, one for email accounts. Problem is that if one site gets hacked, the bad guys now have the password you use elsewhere. These attacks are happening so frequently these days that you might as well assume there is no way to keep a password secret.
Computer scientists realize the system is broken, and they are looking for alternatives. But most attempts have not been very good. Fingerprint readers require special hardware, and many people find them scary and don't want to use them. Smart cards can be lost or stolen. Scientists have tried all sorts of other approaches, but they end up back with passwords. They are the least worst in a series of bad choices.
Markus Jakobsson, a researcher in computer science, has produced something he calls 'fastwords.' Instead of inventing a password, you join three simple words that come from a thought known only to you. If one day you were driving to work and ran over a frog that ended up flat, you might choose 'frog work flat.' You can enter the three words in any order, and the system still knows that you are you. If your mind goes totally blank, the fastwords system will tell you one of the three words, which should enable you to remember the original thought and thus the three keywords.
The fastwords system represents a step in the right direction, but it is not the promised land. Someone, somehow, needs to come up with something radically
different - and radically better - than what we have today.
31. Today people find passwords_____________.
A. difficult to create B. hard to remember
C. easy to figure out D. apt to be replaced
32. We learn from paragraph 2 that many people use passwords______________.
A. without due caution B. in a rational manner
C. with frequent changes D. in simple combinations
33. Compared with passwords, other alternatives are even more______________.
A. complex B. confusing
C. expensive D. troublesome
34. One unique advantage of fastwords is that they can be used______________.
A. with more certainty B. with greater speed
C. with more flexibility D. with greater security
35. The writer seems to think that fastwords_____________.
A. offer a decisive resolution B. are as safe as passwords
C. offer a hopeful inspiration D. are as simple as passwords
IV Word Spelling (10 points,l point for two words)
根据已给的中文词义、词性、首字母及字母数目拼写出相应的英语单词。将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36.不同的 a. v____________ 37.肌肉 n. m____________
38.传统 n. t____________ 39.幸运地 ad. f____________
40.影响 vt. a____________ 41.边缘 n. e____________
42.怀疑的 a. d____________ 43.减少 vt. r____________
44.集合 vt. a____________ 45.逐步的 a. g____________
46.可行的 a. f____________ 47.污染 n. p____________
48.方便的 a. n____________ 49.拉长 v. s____________
50.维生素 n. v____________ 51.经受 vt. w____________
52.五十 num. f____________ 53.财政 n. f____________
54.发源 vi. O____________ 55.两倍 ad. t____________
V. Word Form (10 points,1 point each)
将括号中的各词变换形式后填入句中空白处，使句子语法正确、意义恰当。答案写在答题纸上。
56. A war can____________(danger) millions of lives.
57. We should know our strength as well as our____________(weak).
58.Due to circumstances beyond our control, the__________(fulfill) of the contract will be delayed by several weeks.
59. Organizing some challenging outdoor activities can help your employees _________(sharp) their abilities.
60. My teacher gave me a letter of(refer) when I applied for the job.
61. She made a favorable_______________(impress) on me when I first met her.
62. They viewed these plans as an attempt to take a_____________(profit) market from Britain.
63. There are many sales in the U.S., during which time stores will__________(low) their normal prices.
64.He___________(respect) moved his hat when he entered the building.
65. There are no tickets left for this evening's____________(perform)
Ⅵ. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points each)
将下列各句译成英语。答案写在答题纸上。
66.这所学校向学生免费提供课本。
67.随着年龄的增长你会改变想法的。
68.他们正在讨论如何实施这项计划。
69.她已表明自己在这些问题上的立场。
70.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分清他们。
VII. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)
将下面短文译成汉语。答案写在答题纸上。
71.Too much importance must not be attached to the wrong acts done by children, particularly if they happen to be of a minor nature. Many children are likely to be in the habit of stealing, neglecting studies, or using bad language. In nearly every case, the root cause of the trouble is the fact that proper care of the child is not taken in the house. But if the parents are wise, they would correct their children's faults by paying more attention to them. Whatever the case, one thing should never be done. They should not be compelled to change for the better under fear of the rod. Physical punishment does not improve them. It only makes them worse than before.
英语(二) 试卷
(课程代码00015)
本试卷共9页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。考生必须在答题纸上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points,l point each)
从下列各句后的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1. The findings of the survey went contrary____________ what was expected.
A. in B.on
C. for D.to
2. Skillful farming ____________ them to support a large population.
A. enabled B. forced
C. authorized D. required
3. Young____________ he was, he was equal to the task.
A. as B. if
C. although D. unless
4. James refused to be________________ about his future plans.
A. distinct B. specific
C. relevant D. individual
5. You should read this novel. It is ______________recommended by all critics.
A. fairly B. highly
C. mainly D. strictly
6. It's a great place to live in, except for the increasing volume of___________
that passes under my window every day.
A. activity B. traffic
C. movement D. circulation
7. We take this opportunity to express our sincere_____________ of your help.
A. explanation B. obligation
C. demonstration D. appreciation
8. He should______________ to what he's good at, and not try and do something he
knows nothing about.
A. look B. lead
C. stick D. point
9. The old man spoke______________ length about his experiences in Africa.
A. at B. in
C. from D. to
10. I don't know if the story is true, but I'll try to ____________ it.
A. modify B. simplify
C. verify D. specify
Ⅱ. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出能填入文中相应数字空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Scientists are leaning more and more about the link between your mind and your health. Stress and depression have been shown to give rise to illness and disease. 11 , if you feel good about yourself and have a 12 attitude, and maintain an active involvement in life, you're more likely to be happy - and
13 .Many things 14 your emotional state. But at the heart of it is how you regard yourself. If you have a healthy level of self-esteem, you not only cope with life's challenges better than people 15 low self-esteem, but you're probably more content, 16 , and successful. You're probably also healthier.
Most people's sense of worth is deeply rooted in their childhood - in the early approval or disapproval of parents and friends. 17 , as we get older, most of us judge ourselves 18 0ur sense of how effectively we're managing in the world, especially in the areas of love and work. Our 19 to love and be loved can give our lives a sense of purpose. We can also find 20 in work-related accomplishments, and the people we meet and work with can reinforce our sense of self and our role in life.
11. A. In general B. In addition C. In contrast D. In reality
12. A. personal B. positive C. common D. critical
13. A. healthy B. respectable C. energetic D. lovely
14. A. simulate B. explain C. maintain D. influence
15. A. upon B. at C. with D. for
16. A. emotional B. confident C. dependent D. sensitive
17. A. However B. Therefore C. Likewise D. Instead
18. A. in B. on C. by D. of
19. A. intention B. ability C. dream D. goal
20. A. truth B. proof C. interest D. pride
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (30 points,2 points each)
阅读下列短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Passage One
Questions 21 t0 25 are based on the following passage.
If you start each day desperately wishing for an extra hour in bed, the following is likely to leave you feeling even more bad-tempered. Scientists have identified a 'sleepless elite' - a small group of people for whom staying in bed longer is a waste of time.
Rather than being tired and bad-tempered losers, they are an energetic, outgoing and optimistic group who can happily and healthily get by on just four or five hours of sleep a night. And, they tend to be slim, able to hold down two jobs at the same time, and handle their extra-long days easily without needing coffee or catnaps(小睡).
Working out how the gene(基因) cuts sleep without any obvious impact on health could help in the design of drugs that give us all a few extra hours in our day. The bad news is that while many of us get by on a few hours' sleep a night, just one to three people in 100 qualify to be part of the sleepless elite.
The research team is now calling for members of the lucky group to come forward to allow their DNA to be studied. Harvard University researcher Dr.
Christopher Jones said:“My long-term goal is to someday learn enough so we can control the sleep mechanism without damaging our health. Everybody can use more waking hours, even if you just watch movies.'
Many of those who have already volunteered share fascinating characteristics.
They are cheerful, thinner than average, and seem to have a high tolerance for physical pain and psychological setbacks.
Dr. Christopher Jones told the New York Times: 'Typically, at the end of a long phone interview, they will admit they have been sending short text messages and surfing the Internet and doing word games at the same time, all on less than six hours of sleep.'
21. According to the passage, the sleepless elite_____________.
A. perform less well than others
B. regard sleep as a waste of time
C. are energetic despite less sleep
D. are likely to make others angry
22. Researchers study the sleepless elite to______________.
A. develop the mechanism of sleep
B. invent a healthy way to cut sleep
C. find the impact of sleep on health
D. design drugs for sleepless people
23. The phrase 'come forward' (para. 4) is closest in meaning to______________.
A. volunteer B. donate
C. contribute D. decide
24. According to Dr. Jones, it is typical of the sleepless elite to____________.
A. sleep at least six hours a night
B. watch more movies than others
C. do more than one thing at a time
D. do word games better than others
25. The passage is mainly about_________________.
A. a disease which is related to genes
B. a new drug that cures sleeplessness
C. recent studies on sleepless patients
D. people who do well with less sleep
Passage Two
Questions 26 t0 30 are based on the following passage.
There are a couple of things to know about the use of humor in a speech. One thing is to distinguish healthy and unhealthy humor. Unhealthy humor usually has a victim. It is based on differences. Healthy humor is taken from our everyday experiences and is based on the things people have in common. Therefore it unites them.
Another thing is that when sharing humor with the audience a speaker has to take into account what part of the day it is. The 'morning' audience can be tough,because everyone is just getting into work; the 'lunch' audience is better, but the best time for sharing humor is dinner-time, because people relax after their working day and are more likely to feel the speaker.
There are certain rules that are strongly advised to be followed. The primary rule is not to offend anybody by a joke. The jokes are not supposed to relate to the audience but to the speaker himself When a speaker shares his personal stories he will be better accepted by the audience. He can kid about his fame, problems, image, etc. However, he does not have to belittle himself or sacrifice his reputation for a laugh. Besides, the jokes and humorous stories that are used by the speaker have to relate directly to the topic of his speech. The speaker is supposed to speak clearly and keep from laughing at his own story or joke while
telling it, so that he can make it clear and to the point. Finally, once ajoke is said it may not be repeated once more. So the speaker must not repeat a joke that fails or one that works.
And, remember these tips always work: personal jokes , short remarks that go well with the speech, good choice of vivid words and appropriate body gestures.
26. Healthy humor differs from unhealthy humor in that it is_____________.
A. intended to enrich one's experiences
B. linked to the things that people share
C. used most frequently to unite victims
D. based mostly on the differences in life
27. The writer thinks that a joke works best with an audience who is__________.
A. busy B. tough
C. hungry D. relaxed
28. To connect closely with the audience, the speaker is advised to___________.
A. repeat a good joke B. laugh at his stories
C. joke about himself D. improve his image
29. According to paragraph 3, a joke should support___________.
A. the nature of an issue B. the fame of a speaker
C. the subject of a speech D. the taste of an audience
30. One of the tips the writer gives for a successful speech is____________.
A. vivid expressions B. dramatic gestures
C. good time control D. proper eye contact
Passage Three
Questions 31 t0 35 are based on the following passage.
Are passwords out-of-date? It is starting to seem like it. Everybody hates them. These days a typical Internet user has dozens of online accounts. If you really want to be safe, you need to generate a different password for each one, and each password needs to be extremely complicated, with a mix of letters, symbols, and numbers. Who can keep all that stuff in their head?
Most people do not bother. Some just create one password and use it everywhere. Others might have a few passwords - one for all their banking and financial stuff, one for their social networks, one for email accounts. Problem is that if one site gets hacked, the bad guys now have the password you use elsewhere. These attacks are happening so frequently these days that you might as well assume there is no way to keep a password secret.
Computer scientists realize the system is broken, and they are looking for alternatives. But most attempts have not been very good. Fingerprint readers require special hardware, and many people find them scary and don't want to use them. Smart cards can be lost or stolen. Scientists have tried all sorts of other approaches, but they end up back with passwords. They are the least worst in a series of bad choices.
Markus Jakobsson, a researcher in computer science, has produced something he calls 'fastwords.' Instead of inventing a password, you join three simple words that come from a thought known only to you. If one day you were driving to work and ran over a frog that ended up flat, you might choose 'frog work flat.' You can enter the three words in any order, and the system still knows that you are you. If your mind goes totally blank, the fastwords system will tell you one of the three words, which should enable you to remember the original thought and thus the three keywords.
The fastwords system represents a step in the right direction, but it is not the promised land. Someone, somehow, needs to come up with something radically
different - and radically better - than what we have today.
31. Today people find passwords_____________.
A. difficult to create B. hard to remember
C. easy to figure out D. apt to be replaced
32. We learn from paragraph 2 that many people use passwords______________.
A. without due caution B. in a rational manner
C. with frequent changes D. in simple combinations
33. Compared with passwords, other alternatives are even more______________.
A. complex B. confusing
C. expensive D. troublesome
34. One unique advantage of fastwords is that they can be used______________.
A. with more certainty B. with greater speed
C. with more flexibility D. with greater security
35. The writer seems to think that fastwords_____________.
A. offer a decisive resolution B. are as safe as passwords
C. offer a hopeful inspiration D. are as simple as passwords
IV Word Spelling (10 points,l point for two words)
根据已给的中文词义、词性、首字母及字母数目拼写出相应的英语单词。将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36.不同的 a. v____________ 37.肌肉 n. m____________
38.传统 n. t____________ 39.幸运地 ad. f____________
40.影响 vt. a____________ 41.边缘 n. e____________
42.怀疑的 a. d____________ 43.减少 vt. r____________
44.集合 vt. a____________ 45.逐步的 a. g____________
46.可行的 a. f____________ 47.污染 n. p____________
48.方便的 a. n____________ 49.拉长 v. s____________
50.维生素 n. v____________ 51.经受 vt. w____________
52.五十 num. f____________ 53.财政 n. f____________
54.发源 vi. O____________ 55.两倍 ad. t____________
V. Word Form (10 points,1 point each)
将括号中的各词变换形式后填入句中空白处，使句子语法正确、意义恰当。答案写在答题纸上。
56. A war can____________(danger) millions of lives.
57. We should know our strength as well as our____________(weak).
58.Due to circumstances beyond our control, the__________(fulfill) of the contract will be delayed by several weeks.
59. Organizing some challenging outdoor activities can help your employees _________(sharp) their abilities.
60. My teacher gave me a letter of(refer) when I applied for the job.
61. She made a favorable_______________(impress) on me when I first met her.
62. They viewed these plans as an attempt to take a_____________(profit) market from Britain.
63. There are many sales in the U.S., during which time stores will__________(low) their normal prices.
64.He___________(respect) moved his hat when he entered the building.
65. There are no tickets left for this evening's____________(perform)
Ⅵ. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points each)
将下列各句译成英语。答案写在答题纸上。
66.这所学校向学生免费提供课本。
67.随着年龄的增长你会改变想法的。
68.他们正在讨论如何实施这项计划。
69.她已表明自己在这些问题上的立场。
70.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分清他们。
VII. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)
将下面短文译成汉语。答案写在答题纸上。
71.Too much importance must not be attached to the wrong acts done by children, particularly if they happen to be of a minor nature. Many children are likely to be in the habit of stealing, neglecting studies, or using bad language. In nearly every case, the root cause of the trouble is the fact that proper care of the child is not taken in the house. But if the parents are wise, they would correct their children's faults by paying more attention to them. Whatever the case, one thing should never be done. They should not be compelled to change for the better under fear of the rod. Physical punishment does not improve them. It only makes them worse than before.
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