UNIT 6
1、word study
spray,cast,expose,switch,critical
① spray
n.1、水花，浪花；2、喷雾，喷雾状物
The spray of the waterfall is very beautiful.
瀑布的水花飞溅，非常漂亮。
A spray of bullets hit the tree behind which he was hiding.
一阵喷射的子弹打中了他藏身其后的那棵树。
vt.喷，向。。。喷射，喷涂
Fruit trees are sprayed regularly.
果树应定期喷上杀虫剂。
The students sprayed questions at the teacher.
学生们连珠炮似的向老师提出一个又一个问题。
② cast
vt.1、投，扔，抛，掷（at）；2、投射（光，影，视线等）（on,at）；3、浇铸，铸造
The boy cast a stone at the dog.
那个男孩向那条狗扔了块石头。
His words cast a new light on the problem.
他的话题使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。
The robot can cast steel after being reprogrammed.
在重新设定程序之后，机器人能浇铸钢材。
n.1、投，掷；2、模具；3、演员（阵容）
The Beijing Theatre of People’s Art has a very strong cast.
北京人民艺术剧院有很强大的演员阵容。
③ expose
vt.1、使暴露，使面临；2、揭露，揭发
The works were exposed to all kinds of weather.
工人们经受风吹雨打。
We should be aware of the dangers of exposing children to violence on TV.
我们应当意识到儿童接触有关暴力电视节目的危害。
He has been widely exposed to the public on the television.
他经常在电视上向公众露面。
The mistakes of the past must be exposed without any reserve.
对以前的错误一定要毫无保留地揭发。
④ switch
n.1、开关，转换器；2、（思路、话题等的）转换
It is two-way switch.
这是个双向开关。
He has made a switch of support from one political party to another.
他已从支持一个政党转而支持另一个政党。
vi.1、转换，改变（思路、话题等）；2、接通。。。电流（on），切断。。。电流（off）
We switched the discussion to another topic.
我们换了一个讨论题目。
Entering the room, he switched the light on.
一进房间，他就把灯打开了。
vt.转换，变换（switch(over)to）
He switched (over) to medicine and graduated in 1980.
他改学医科，于1980年毕业。
⑤ critical
a.1、批评（性）的，批评（性）的；2、对。。。表示谴责，对。。。感到不满的（of）；3、紧要的，关键性的，危急的
He is a man with a critical eye.
他是一个具有批判眼光的人。
It takes years to develop one’s critical ability.
培养评论能力要很长时间。
The old man was critical of the boy’s impolite behaviour.
那个老人不满意男孩的不礼貌行为。
The patient’s condition is critical.
病人情况危急。
2、重点句型
1、目前多数机器人用于汽车工业，它们按编制的程序承担轿车和卡车车身的焊接和喷漆这一类的工作。P2
Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry, where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies.
2、机器人也开始在别的工业部门应用，虽然应用的程度低一些。P3
Robots, already taking over human tasks in the automotive field are beginning to be seen, although to a lesser degree, in other industries as well. 现在分词短语作定语
3、在核电站使用的机器人处理放射性材料，避免人员接触放射性物质。P3
The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials, preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation.
4、机器人于自动化机器不同之处在于机器人完成某一特定任务后，可由计算机重新编制程序去完成另一项任务。P4
Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task, they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.
5、在微电子和计算机技术上有专长的工程人员正研制机器人的人工视觉。P5
Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots.
6、机器人有了“看”的能力便能在一堆不同类物体中辨别和检查出某一特定类物体。P5
With the ability to "see", robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials. to "see"：不定式作后置定语
7、任何想要了解未来工业的人必须要了解机器人。P7
Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.
3、习题
一.单词、词组英译汉
efficiency increasingly install personnel expose reduction completion specific switch critical intensity scale defective in that in question plenty of
三、汉译英
1.近几年，机器人的应用越来越广泛和深入。
In recent years, the use of robots is becoming increasingly wider and deeper.
Robots are used more and more widely and deeply in recent years.
Robots have been increasingly used wider and deeper in recent years.
2.新开发的机器人有触觉，可以看见物体，还能做决定。
The newly-developed robots have a sense of touch, are able to see objects, and can make decision as well.
3.机器人在汽车行业应用广泛。
Robots are employed widely in the automotive industry.
The use of robots in the automotive industry is prevalent.
4.感光材料、数字照相机都是照相器材。
Light–sensitive materials and digital cameras are all photographic equipment.
5.机器人与自动化机器有重大的区别。
There is a significant difference between robots and automatic machines.
There are major differences between robots and automatic machines.
4、历年试题
1. Most today’s robots are employed in the automotive industry, _____they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting . (99.4)
A. as B. which C. when D. where
答案：D. 考点：where 引导的非限定定语从句，修饰automotive industry。
2. Robots differ from automatic machines in_____after completion of one specific task, they can
be reprogrammed to be another one. (00.4)
A. which B. that C. how D. whether
答案：B. 考点：in that 复合连词引导原因状语从句，表示“在于”。
3. Robots , already taking over human tasks in the automotive field, are beginning_____(see) in other
industries as well. (00.4) (01.10)
答案：to be seen 考点：begin to do sth. 所以用动词不定式，而且用被动式。
4. Anyone______(want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics. (00.10)（01.4）
答案： wanting 考点：动词现在分词作定语修饰anyone。
5.The nations that____actively______(involve) in earthquake prediction programs include Japan, China, Russia, and the United States.
答案：are involved 考点： 词组：be involved in sth.
6. 汉译英：机器人将要在哪些领域替代人的工作呢？（00.10）
答案： In what field will robots take over human tasks?
7. It is not yet known_____computers will one day have vision as good as human vision .
A. whether B. if C. that D. how
答案：A . 考点： whether 引导的主语从句。
8. Robots, ______(become) increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed
world, are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.
答案：becoming 考点：现在分词作状语。
9 . Robots , becoming_____(increase) prevalent in factories , are programmed and engineered
答案： increasingly
10. 汉译英：今年来，计算机在各个领域的应用越来越广泛。
答案：In recent years, the computer is finding wider and wider application in all fields.
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